Knee joint arthrosis is an inflammatory disease of intraarticular cartilage, with progressive degenerative disorders of its structure and functions.This disease is very common among older women as well as professional athletes, even at an early age.
Many believe that the development of osteoarthritis is associated with excess salt, but in fact salt deposits have nothing to do with knee joint arthrosis.
Reasons
If arthrosis occurs without reason, it is called idiopathic or primary.But if the development of arthrosis was influenced by pathological processes in the body or noences, this form is called secondary.The following factors can affect their development:
- Elderly age.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Traumatic damage to the knee.
- Excessive knee load.
- Squeezing and repeating constant microtraums - photos and so on.
- Inflammatory diseases of joints and muscles - arthritis, synovitis, bursitis, myositis, tendonitis, lymphadenitis.
- Inflammatory processes in the body.
- Viral, fungal and infectious diseases.
- Metabolism disorders.
- Overweight.
- Calcium deficiency in the body.
- Hypothermia.
- Congenital deformations of the knee joint.
Athletes and people who are usually subjected to strong physical activities and subject them to the knee joint are subject to arthrosis.They are teachers, engines, builders, teachers and so on.
Peculiarities
Prior to treatment or detection of specific symptoms of knee joint arthrosis, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this disease.
The joint surfaces of human bones are covered with cartilage.In some joints, as well as in knees, menisci are the cartilage layers that act as shock absorbers.The inner lubricant is a synovial fluid that is produced in our body.
When knee joint is affected, there is a change in the development of interscapated lubrication.The cartilage partially or completely abrasion.The body is trying to deal with this violation and reduce pain.When the disease progresses, the joint is deformed, the bones begin to expand due to osteophytes.This condition occurs only in advanced cases.The bone surface is irregular and does not fit.The result is limited mobility.
Symptoms
The first symptom with knee joint arthrosis is the pain that can occur after prolonged physical activity or stress constantly.Its nature is different, the pain is often intensified at night or night, preventing a person from falling asleep, which leads to a violation of normal life.At this stage, you should visit a doctor.
There are three levels of knee joint arthrosis, each of which has its own characteristics.In the first stage, pain is not easy and, in many people, it goes through its own.In addition, there is discomfort and insignificant recurring edema.This will require a certain treatment: laser therapy and other physiotherapeutic procedures.
In the second stage, the symptoms are complicated, a deterioration of mobility is added to all the above options and the pain intensifies.A slight bleeding can also occur.
In this case, laser therapy and prescription medications by a doctor can help.Otherwise, the pain will constantly intensify and the third degree of the disease will come.In the third stage, cartilage integrity is radically violated until destruction.Painful feelings are constant, a person cannot take a walk.Climbing the stairs is a real problem, the joints swell.Several pathologies are observed during the movement, shaking of the limbs.
Also, with arthrosis, the redness of the skin appears in the knee and, when touching them, you can find an inflammatory process.This is due to the internal bleeding caused by the rupture of blood vessels or veins.If this cosmetic defect is quite noticeable, remove it with a laser.
In the last stages, a person becomes unstable due to muscle weakness and other defects.Walking is possible only with a twig and only short distances.This ends with knee deformation, which even the laser cannot fix.The person becomes motionless.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of knee joint arthrosis may include:
- Analysis of clinical symptoms.
- Blood and biochemical examinations.
- X -Ray.
- Computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging.
- Sonography (joint ultrasound).
- Arthroscopy, biopsy and biochemical studies of synovial fluid.
Treatment
Many people are intrigued by the treatment of this disease.The arsenal of drugs is very large, its unconteed use is impossible.
If you abuse arthritis medicines, you can buy an ulcer from the stomach.You can also aggravate knee joint arthrosis.
The doctor first prescribes non -esteroid anti -inflammatory patients, who, together with inflammation, also relieve pain.But the treatment does not end there.Extensive physical exercise, physiotherapy.Special therapeutic gymnastics is chosen by a doctor who provides the maximum therapeutic effect.
Using drugs
The main treatment is in non -esteroid anti -inflammatory drugs.Other means are used to improve the power of cartilage and contribute to its gradual restoration.The most proven in this regard are glucosamine and chondroitin -based medications.To speed up treatment, you can use special creams and ointments that have a local effect.
It is worth noting that painful and antipyretic drugs without a prescription are very dangerous.This treatment can negatively affect the condition of the stomach, liver and heart.Recently, drugs are produced with minimal negative effects, according to some manufacturers, these medications can be used for several months.
Gymnastics and Physiotherapy
Other treatment methods may improve blood flow and therefore cartilage nutrition.To strengthen ligaments and muscles, special exercises are prescribed.But the effect of gymnastics will only be on the early stages when the joint changes a little.Exercises are selected strictly individually, depending on the severity of the patient's disease and physical skills.
Such exercises are complemented by physical therapy procedures in large quantities.Magnetotherapy and laser therapy, UHF, electropore, ultrasound and more are used.
Injections
In the final phase, where physical therapy and laser do not help relieve pain, resort to injection into the joint cavity.Hyaluronic acid -based preparations increase the regenerative properties of the cartilage.However, this treatment often leads to the total uselessness of the cartilage.
Endoprostrate
The knee joint endoprophetic is an extreme measure that is performed when you can't sleep normally and move.
Prevention
Arthrosis occurs more often in old age, so your prevention needs to get involved in younger, especially after 30 years.For this you need:
- Do not overload the knee joint and provide a rational load on the feet.
- Do not use weights.
- Eat right.
- Bring an active lifestyle.
- Over time, cure all inflammatory and infectious diseases in the body.
- Controlling body weight because due to overweight knee joint, it is a very strong load.
- Do not overload the joints.
- Avoid knee injuries.
- When playing sports, put special kneelands.
- With a constant load on the knees, do the self -service regularly.
